What is the best treatment for myocardial infarction? What medicines are needed to save lives

 Acute myocardial infarction is the most serious disease, so once myocardial infarction is diagnosed, how to treat it to increase the success rate, reduce the mortality rate, and reduce the occurrence of heart failure?

1. How to diagnose myocardial infarction

No one can diagnose myocardial infarction outside the hospital without having an electrocardiogram. Although chest pain is the most common symptom of myocardial infarction, it is neither chest pain nor myocardial infarction, nor is it not myocardial infarction without chest pain.

In addition to the typical chest pain and precordial pain, myocardial infarction may also be caused by toothache, headache, shoulder pain, back pain, upper abdomen pain, chest tightness, suffocation, sweating, etc. It may be caused by myocardial infarction. .

These symptoms combined with the special manifestations of ST-segment elevation in the electrocardiogram can be diagnosed as myocardial infarction; or after a blood test for elevated troponin and myocardial enzymes can the diagnosis be confirmed.

That is, symptoms, electrocardiogram, myocardial enzymes, three of which meet two points can be diagnosed myocardial infarction.

2. What should I do after myocardial infarction is diagnosed?

Whether it is an out-of-hospital doctor who diagnoses myocardial infarction or a hospital doctor who diagnoses a myocardial infarction, they will be given aspirin 300mg, ticagrin 180mg, or clopidogrel 300mg at the first time; these are anti-platelet aggregation drugs. The purpose is to fight blood clots.

At this time, if the blood pressure is high, nitroglycerin can be used to dilate the blood pressure; if the blood pressure is low, dopamine can be used to increase the blood pressure; if the heart rate is slow, temporary pacemaker therapy may be required; if there is manifestation of heart failure, diuretic treatment is required .

But these are all adjuvant treatments, and the most effective way is to open blood vessels as soon as possible, that is, stents or thrombolysis.

3. The most effective way is to open up blood vessels in the first time

When a myocardial infarction is diagnosed in the hospital, he immediately cooperates with the doctor to sign the blood vessel. If the stent can be stent, the stent can be selected first, and the stent can not be used for thrombolysis. This is currently the only way to open the blood vessel.

Within 3 hours of myocardial infarction, good thrombolytic drugs and stents have similar effects in opening blood vessels, but the price of stents has been greatly reduced. A stent will start at an average of 700 yuan in January next year, and the best thrombolytic drugs are still 10,000 yuan. about.

After 3 hours, the effect of thrombolysis was significantly worse than that of stents; and even if thrombolysis is successful, most patients may still have to go back for imaging. Stents are recommended. Because the successful thrombolysis can only open the blood vessel, it cannot solve the severe fixed stenosis.

Before the appearance of the stent, the death rate of myocardial infarction after arriving in the hospital was 25-30%. With the gradual popularity of stents and the establishment of chest pain centers, the current mortality rate of myocardial infarction in the hospital has dropped to about 5%.

4. What should I do after myocardial infarction patients are discharged from the hospital?

After the above-mentioned formal vascular treatment, he can be discharged smoothly. Discharge of patients with myocardial infarction does not mean that these patients are cured. All coronary heart diseases require long-term treatment.

All patients with coronary heart disease should take long-term statins. It is best to take third-generation statins, mainly atorvastatin, rosuvastatin, pitavastatin, etc., and reduce LDL cholesterol to 1.8 as much as possible the following.

After opening the blood vessels, if the blood pressure is not low, you should take Pristine/sartan drugs for a long time to prevent and control heart failure; if the blood pressure is not low and the heart rate is not slow, you should take Lohr medicine for a long time to prevent and control heart failure. Prevent arrhythmia after myocardial infarction.

If blood pressure is high, you must also use antihypertensive drugs; if other blood vessels are narrow, you must also use nitrate drugs; if angina still has a fast heart rate or vasospasm, you must use diltiazem.

After myocardial infarction, the drugs that must be taken for a long time are aspirin + statin; if a stent is placed, clopidogrel or ticagrelor is required for one year to one year and a half; other drugs depend on the specific situation.

In addition to taking the medicine according to the doctor's order, it is also necessary to regularly review and monitor blood pressure, blood sugar, and blood lipids. Doing these is the most formal treatment for myocardial infarction.

In short, every second counts for acute myocardial infarction. Cooperate with the doctor to open the blood vessel as soon as possible, and follow the doctor's order to take the medicine strictly and review it regularly. Only in this way can the normal treatment of myocardial infarction be achieved, the mortality rate of myocardial infarction can be reduced, the passage of patients can be reduced, and more lives can be saved!